目录
- 方式一：定义对象时，直接添加属性和方法
- 方式二：通过"对象.属性名"添加属性和方法
- 方式三：通过"对象['属性名']"添加属性和方法
- 方式四：通过 prototype (原型)添加属性和方法
- 方式五：使用Object.assign添加属性和方法
- 方式六：使用扩展运算符...添加属性和方法
方式一：定义对象时，直接添加属性和方法
function Person(name,age,sex){ this.name = name; this.age = age; this.sex = sex; this.code = function(){ console.log(this.name + " is coding"); } } var xiaoming = new Person("xiaoming",10,"man"); console.log(xiaoming);// {name: "xiaoming", age: 10, sex: "man", code: ƒ} xiaoming.code();// xiaoming is coding
运行结果：
Person {
name: 'xiaoming',
age: 10,
sex: 'man',
code: [Function (anonymous)]
}
Xiaoming is coding
方式二：通过"对象.属性名"添加属性和方法
function Fruit(){} var tomato = new Fruit(); tomato.name = "xihongshi"; tomato.color = "red"; tomato.use = function(){ console.log(this.name + " can be to eat"); } console.log(tomato); tomato.use();
运行结果：
Fruit { name: 'xihongshi', color: 'red', use: [Function (anonymous)] }
Xihongshi can be to eat
方式三：通过"对象['属性名']"添加属性和方法
function Fruit(){} var tomato = new Fruit(); tomato['name'] = "xihongshi"; tomato['color'] = "red"; tomato['use'] = function(){ console.log(this.name + " can be to eat"); } console.log(tomato); tomato.use();
运行结果：
Fruit { name: 'xihongshi', color: 'red', use: [Function (anonymous)] }
Xihongshi can be to eat
方式四：通过 prototype (原型)添加属性和方法
function Animal(){}; Animal.prototype.foots = 4; Animal.prototype.weight = 200; Animal.prototype.hobby = "sing"; Animal.prototype.have = function(){ console.log("the animal have " + this.foots + " foot"); } var pig = new Animal(); console.log(pig); pig.have();// the animal have 4 foot
运行结果：
Animal {}
the animal have 4 foot
方式五：使用Object.assign添加属性和方法
function Person(name,age,sex){ this.name = name; this.age = age; this.sex = sex; this.code = function(){ console.log(this.name + " is coding"); } } var xiaoming = new Person("xiaoming",10,"man"); console.log(xiaoming);// {name: "xiaoming", age: 10, sex: "man", code: ƒ} xiaoming.code();// xiaoming is coding var xiaoming2 = Object.assign({}, xiaoming, {test1:'demo1', test2:'demo2'}); // 第一个参数是 目标对象，后面的全是源对象，执行完之后返回目标对象 console.log(xiaoming2);// {name: "xiaoming", age: 10, sex: "man", code: ƒ, test1: 'demo1', test2: 'demo2'} xiaoming2.code();// xiaoming is coding
运行结果：
Person {
name: 'xiaoming',
age: 10,
sex: 'man',
code: [Function (anonymous)]
}
xiaoming is coding
{
name: 'xiaoming',
age: 10,
sex: 'man',
code: [Function (anonymous)],
test1: 'demo1',
test2: 'demo2'
}
xiaoming is coding
方式六：使用扩展运算符...添加属性和方法
ES6新增语法，可以将两个对象合并成一个对象。将多个属性合并成1个对象。
function Person(name,age,sex){ this.name = name; this.age = age; this.sex = sex; this.code = function(){ console.log(this.name + " is coding"); } } var xiaoming = new Person("xiaoming",10,"man"); console.log(xiaoming);// {name: "xiaoming", age: 10, sex: "man", code: ƒ} xiaoming.code();// xiaoming is coding var xiaoming2 = {...xiaoming, test1:'demo1', test2:'demo2'}; console.log(xiaoming2);// {name: "xiaoming", age: 10, sex: "man", code: ƒ, test1: 'demo1', test2: 'demo2'} xiaoming2.code();// xiaoming is coding
运行结果：
Person {
name: 'xiaoming',
age: 10,
sex: 'man',
code: [Function (anonymous)]
}
xiaoming is coding
{
name: 'xiaoming',
age: 10,
sex: 'man',
code: [Function (anonymous)],
test1: 'demo1',
test2: 'demo2'
}
xiaoming is coding
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